This story originally appeared in “The Look” section of the Nominations/SAG/Golden Globes issue of TheWrap magazine.
The last movie Andrew Whitehurst worked on before serving as visual-effects supervisor on Alex Garland‘s “Ex Machina” was a little James Bond production called “Skyfall.” The Bond film had a budget more than 10 times as big as Garland’s story of two men and a comely female robot, which makes the achievement of “Ex Machina” even more remarkable; on a relative shoestring, Whitehurst and his crew at Double Negative created a film in which the lead character, played by Alicia Vikander, is a believable cyborg named Ava.
The $15 million film also has by far the lowest budget of any of the 10 movies on the Academy’s VFX shortlist, where it is facing off against the likes of “Star Wars: The Force Awakens,” “Avengers: Age of Ultron,” “Jurassic World” and “The Martian.”
“This was massively different in scale from ‘Skyfall,’ but that can be as much of a good thing as a hindrance,” Whitehurst insisted. “The greater the financial constraints you have, the more it encourages everybody to work together.”
Before-and-after VFX shots of Sonoya Mizuno as Kyoko
The result was extensive collaboration between teams: “One example is that Ava has these sort of rubber O-rings around her ankles and wrists, with brass stubs on them. We asked for them to be put there, because they were able to help us track Alicia’s movements when we were adding the CG in post-production.”
The key, he added, was simple: “What is gonna give Alex the biggest bang per buck on screen? But tracking Vikander’s movements wasn’t always easy, particularly when she was barely moving.
“There’s a lot of time where she appears not to be moving at all,” he said. “But human beings are never not moving, and it’s much easier to copy the movement of something very action-centric than something very subtle. That was the single hardest thing we had to do.”
As the before-and-after photos show, Vikander delivered her performance clad not in the usual greenscreen leotard, but in a sleek gray suit similar to what is seen in the finished film. “There was a very conscious decision not to go with the green-bodystocking-covered-with-markers look,” he said.
Before-and-after VFX stills of Alicia Vikander in “Ex Machina”
“Fundamentally, the film is a series of conversations — and for the conversations to work dramatically, you need to have two actors who are able to fire off one another, and you need to allow the camera department to shoot it as they would any other dialogue scene.
“We felt that the less weird and distracting we could make what Alicia was wearing, the better for her and for whoever is acting with her.”
"Spotlight" A contender for Best Picture, director and screenplay -- as well as the supporting acting categories.
Open Road Films
"The Martian" Ridley Scott may have his best shot at an Oscar with this sci-fi drama, which is also a contender for Best Picture. Matt Damon is in the hunt for Best Actor as well.
"The Revenant" Alejandro G. Inarritu's dark revenge tale is getting lots of awards traction, particularly for Leonardo DiCaprio's performance.
Twentieth Century Fox
"Brooklyn" Saoirse Ronan is a strong contender for Best Actress, and there's much love for John Crowley's old-fashioned period drama.
Fox Searchlight Pictures
"Straight Outta Compton" F. Gary Gray's biopic of the rap group N.W.A boasts some of the best reviews of the year, including raves for newcomer Jason Mitchell as Eazy-E.
Universal Pictures
"Mad Max: Fury Road" The National Board of Review winner for Best Picture is a long-shot outside of technical categories, but it could surprise in the picture, directing or actress categories.
"Suffragette" Carey Mulligan is in the hunt for Best Actress for her role in this historical drama about the battle for British women to get the vote.
Focus Features
"Inside Out" Pixar's hit could become the first animated movie to earn a Best Picture nod since 2011's "Toy Story 3."
Pixar Studios/Walt Disney Pictures
"The Danish Girl" Eddie Redmayne and Alicia Vikander are getting major buzz for their performances in a period drama with a topical transgender twist.
Focus Features
"Bridge of Spies" You can never count out Steven Spielberg, particularly when he reteams with star Tom Hanks. Look out for Mark Rylance in supporting actor race
Amblin Entertainment/Walt Disney Pictures
"Beasts of No Nation" Cary Joji Fukunaga's gritty drama about African child soldiers has drawn raves, but most overcome its limited theatrical release by Netflix.
Netflix
"Son of Saul" The Hungarian Holocaust drama is a frontrunner in the foreign-language film race but could also score nods in other categories.
Sony Pictures Classics
"The Hateful Eight" Quentin Tarantino's Western is getting the usual Oscar talk, particularly for his screenplay and supporting actress Jennifer Jason Leigh.
The Weinstein Company
"Concussion" Will Smith has won early acclaim for his performance as the doctor who discovered CTE, the brain injury experienced by so many former NFL players.
Columbia Pictures
"The Big Short" Adam McKay's fact-based comic drama boasts a starry cast and major topicality, boosting its awards profile.
Paramount Pictures
"Creed" Ryan Coogler's reboot of the "Rocky" franchise has drawn raves, and Sylvester Stallone's supporting turn as boxer-turned-coach could earn him a supporting actor nod.
"Star Wars: The Force Awakens" J.J. Abrams' top-secret blockbuster should dominate in technical categories but could pull off a surprise in Best Picture
Lucasfilm/Disney
"Trumbo" Jay Roach's biopic of the blacklisted Hollywood screenwriter is drawing attention for the performances of Bryan Cranston as well as Helen Mirren as gossip columnist Hedda Hopper.
Universal Pictures
"99 Homes" Michael Shannon and Andrew Garfield are generating talk for their performance in the Ramin Bahrani- directed drama.
Lionsgate
"Anomalisa" Charlie Kaufman's stop-motion animated film could pull off a surprise in the Animated Feature category.
Paramount Pictures
"Mr. Holmes" Ian McKellen is angling for his third Oscar nomination for playing an aging Sherlock Holmes in Bill Condon's movie.
Roadside Attractions
"45 Years" Veteran actress Charlotte Rampling could score her first nomination for playing half of a couple preparing for their 45th wedding anniversary.
Sundance Selects
"Grandma" As an acerbic woman helping her granddaughter as she faced an unplanned pregnancy, Lily Tomlin could score her first nomination since 1975's "Nashville."
Sony Pictures Classics
"Love & Mercy" Paul Dano and John Cusack have both won acclaim for playing the younger and older versions of troubled Beach Boys leader Brian Wilson.
Roadside Attractions
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From ”Spotlight“ and ”Joy“ to ”Inside Out“ and ”Grandma,“ TheWrap selects the key movies that are deep in the hunt for major nominations